Starvard · The Masters Library

The French Revolution: A History

تأليف Thomas Carlyle · 159 أجزاء · about 24 hours للقراءة

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في عام 1789 كانت France جائعة وغاضبة وجاهزة للانفجار، ويخبرك Thomas Carlyle بالضبط كيف شعرت. لا يكتب تاريخا هادئا من بعيد. يضعك في الشوارع مع الحشود والملوك والخطباء بينما يخرج كل شيء عن السيطرة. تتدحرج جمله كالرعد، مليئة بالنار والشفقة. إذا كنت تريد أن تشعر بثورة، لا أن تتعلم تواريخها فقط، ابدأ هنا.

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Chapter 1.1.I: Louis the Well-Beloved7 min Chapter 1.1.II: Realised Ideals17 min Chapter 1.1.III: Viaticum5 min Chapter 1.1.IV: Louis the Unforgotten12 min Chapter 1.2.I: Astræa Redux10 min Chapter 1.2.II: Petition in Hieroglyphs4 min Chapter 1.2.III: Questionable6 min Chapter 1.2.IV: Maurepas6 min Chapter 1.2.V: Astræa Redux without Cash6 min Chapter 1.2.VI: Windbags7 min Chapter 1.2.VII: Contrat Social5 min Chapter 1.2.VIII: Printed Paper9 min Chapter 1.3.I: Dishonoured Bills8 min Chapter 1.3.II: Controller Calonne5 min Chapter 1.3.III: The Notables15 min Chapter 1.3.IV: Loménie’s Edicts7 min Chapter 1.3.V: Loménie’s Thunderbolts7 min Chapter 1.3.VI: Loménie’s Plots7 min Chapter 1.3.VII: Internecine9 min Chapter 1.3.VIII: Loménie’s Death-throes18 min Chapter 1.3.IX: Burial with Bonfire6 min Chapter 1.4.I: The Notables Again9 min Chapter 1.4.II: The Election10 min Chapter 1.4.III: Grown Electric6 min Chapter 1.4.IV: The Procession31 min Chapter 1.5.I: Inertia14 min Chapter 1.5.II: Mercury de Brézé12 min Chapter 1.5.III: Broglie the War-God9 min Chapter 1.5.IV: To Arms!9 min Chapter 1.5.V: Give us Arms11 min Chapter 1.5.VI: Storm and Victory15 min Chapter 1.5.VII: Not a Revolt7 min Chapter 1.5.VIII: Conquering your King6 min Chapter 1.5.IX: The Lanterne9 min Chapter 1.6.I: Make the Constitution10 min Chapter 1.6.II: The Constituent Assembly9 min Chapter 1.6.III: The General Overturn14 min Chapter 1.6.IV: In Queue5 min Chapter 1.6.V: The Fourth Estate5 min Chapter 1.7.I: Patrollotism7 min Chapter 1.7.II: O Richard, O my King8 min Chapter 1.7.III: Black Cockades3 min Chapter 1.7.IV: The Menads6 min Chapter 1.7.V: Usher Maillard9 min Chapter 1.7.VI: To Versailles6 min Chapter 1.7.VII: At Versailles6 min Chapter 1.7.VIII: The Equal Diet8 min Chapter 1.7.IX: Lafayette6 min Chapter 1.7.X: The Grand Entries8 min Chapter 1.7.XI: From Versailles11 min Chapter 2.1.I: In the Tuileries7 min Chapter 2.1.II: In the Salle de Manége21 min Chapter 2.1.III: The Muster11 min Chapter 2.1.IV: Journalism7 min Chapter 2.1.V: Clubbism7 min Chapter 2.1.VI: Je le jure6 min Chapter 2.1.VII: Prodigies5 min Chapter 2.1.VIII: Solemn League and Covenant10 min Chapter 2.1.IX: Symbolic3 min Chapter 2.1.X: Mankind9 min Chapter 2.1.XI: As in the Age of Gold10 min Chapter 2.1.XII: Sound and Smoke12 min Chapter 2.2.I: Bouillé4 min Chapter 2.2.II: Arrears and Aristocrats11 min Chapter 2.2.III: Bouillé at Metz6 min Chapter 2.2.IV: Arrears at Nanci8 min Chapter 2.2.V: Inspector Malseigne6 min Chapter 2.2.VI: Bouillé at Nanci15 min Chapter 2.3.I: Epimenides8 min Chapter 2.3.II: The Wakeful10 min Chapter 2.3.III: Sword in Hand10 min Chapter 2.3.IV: To fly or not to fly14 min Chapter 2.3.V: The Day of Poniards11 min Chapter 2.3.VI: Mirabeau6 min Chapter 2.3.VII: Death of Mirabeau16 min Chapter 2.4.I: Easter at Saint-Cloud7 min Chapter 2.4.II: Easter at Paris5 min Chapter 2.4.III: Count Fersen12 min Chapter 2.4.IV: Attitude6 min Chapter 2.4.V: The New Berline7 min Chapter 2.4.VI: Old-Dragoon Drouet5 min Chapter 2.4.VII: The Night of Spurs14 min Chapter 2.4.VIII: The Return5 min Chapter 2.4.IX: Sharp Shot9 min Chapter 2.5.I: Grande Acceptation13 min Chapter 2.5.II: The Book of the Law14 min Chapter 2.5.III: Avignon12 min Chapter 2.5.IV: No Sugar5 min Chapter 2.5.V: Kings and Emigrants17 min Chapter 2.5.VI: Brigands and Jalès5 min Chapter 2.5.VII: Constitution will not march8 min Chapter 2.5.VIII: The Jacobins6 min Chapter 2.5.IX: Minister Roland7 min Chapter 2.5.X: Pétion-National-Pique3 min Chapter 2.5.XI: The Hereditary Representative6 min Chapter 2.5.XII: Procession of the Black Breeches10 min Chapter 2.6.I: Executive that does not act12 min Chapter 2.6.II: Let us march4 min Chapter 2.6.III: Some Consolation to Mankind8 min Chapter 2.6.IV: Subterranean4 min Chapter 2.6.V: At Dinner7 min Chapter 2.6.VI: The Steeples at Midnight15 min Chapter 2.6.VII: The Swiss12 min Chapter 2.6.VIII: Constitution burst in Pieces9 min Chapter 3.1.I: The Improvised Commune21 min Chapter 3.1.II: Danton8 min Chapter 3.1.III: Dumouriez6 min Chapter 3.1.IV: September in Paris15 min Chapter 3.1.V: A Trilogy12 min Chapter 3.1.VI: The Circular16 min Chapter 3.1.VII: September in Argonne16 min Chapter 3.1.VIII: Exeunt12 min Chapter 3.2.I: The Deliberative17 min Chapter 3.2.II: The Executive6 min Chapter 3.2.III: Discrowned5 min Chapter 3.2.IV: The Loser Pays4 min Chapter 3.2.V: Stretching of Formulas9 min Chapter 3.2.VI: At the Bar14 min Chapter 3.2.VII: The Three Votings9 min Chapter 3.2.VIII: Place de la Révolution11 min Chapter 3.3.I: Cause and Effect11 min Chapter 3.3.II: Culottic and Sansculottic9 min Chapter 3.3.III: Growing Shrill7 min Chapter 3.3.IV: Fatherland in Danger14 min Chapter 3.3.V: Sansculottism Accoutred6 min Chapter 3.3.VI: The Traitor7 min Chapter 3.3.VII: In Fight4 min Chapter 3.3.VIII: In Death-Grips9 min Chapter 3.3.IX: Extinct10 min Chapter 3.4.I: Charlotte Corday14 min Chapter 3.4.II: In Civil War6 min Chapter 3.4.III: Retreat of the Eleven7 min Chapter 3.4.IV: O Nature8 min Chapter 3.4.V: Sword of Sharpness5 min Chapter 3.4.VI: Risen against Tyrants7 min Chapter 3.4.VII: Marie-Antoinette5 min Chapter 3.4.VIII: The Twenty-two6 min Chapter 3.5.I: Rushing down8 min Chapter 3.5.II: Death11 min Chapter 3.5.III: Destruction16 min Chapter 3.5.IV: Carmagnole complete11 min Chapter 3.5.V: Like a Thunder-Cloud7 min Chapter 3.5.VI: Do thy Duty12 min Chapter 3.5.VII: Flame-Picture7 min Chapter 3.6.I: The Gods are athirst10 min Chapter 3.6.II: Danton, No Weakness10 min Chapter 3.6.III: The Tumbrils9 min Chapter 3.6.IV: Mumbo-Jumbo6 min Chapter 3.6.V: The Prisons5 min Chapter 3.6.VI: To Finish the Terror9 min Chapter 3.6.VII: Go Down to12 min Chapter 3.7.I: Decadent7 min Chapter 3.7.II: La Cabarus7 min Chapter 3.7.III: Quiberon6 min Chapter 3.7.IV: Lion not Dead6 min Chapter 3.7.V: Lion Sprawling its Last11 min Chapter 3.7.VI: Grilled Herrings6 min Chapter 3.7.VII: The Whiff of Grapeshot10 min Chapter 3.7.VIII: Finis4 min