
Hello, my name is Finn, and I'm going to help you understand this book.
Here it is, explained like you are 10:
Pompeii was a rich, busy city long ago, full of feasts, baths, and fine houses. Glaucus, a young Greek who lives there, loves Ione, and a cruel priest named Arbaces wants to wreck their happiness. A blind girl named Nydia, who sells flowers and loves Glaucus in secret, holds the key to saving them. All the while, the great mountain Vesuvius watches over the city, and one day it will wake.
Edward Bulwer-Lytton published this novel in 1834, when the ruins of Pompeii were the wonder of Europe. Travelers walked its dug out streets and saw houses, shops, and paintings stopped mid life by the eruption of Vesuvius in the year 79. Bulwer-Lytton asked what it felt like to live there on the last days, not knowing what the mountain had planned.
The story follows Glaucus, a Greek gentleman whose suppers are the talk of the town, and Ione, the woman he loves. Against them works Arbaces, a rich Egyptian priest of Isis, smooth, learned, and rotten with secret crimes. Between them moves Nydia, a blind slave girl who sells flowers, guides herself by sound and touch, and loves Glaucus hopelessly. Plots, trials, and a lion's arena fill the middle of the book.
Everyone knows how it ends: the mountain bursts, ash falls like night at noon, and the city runs for the sea. The book lasts because Bulwer-Lytton rebuilt a whole lost world, its food, gods, gossip, and streets, and then let the reader watch it vanish. For many readers since, his Pompeii is simply Pompeii.

Edward Bulwer-Lytton published The Last Days of Pompeii in 1834, and it fixed the buried city in the world's imagination. Glaucus, a Greek gentleman of Pompeii, loves the beautiful Ione; the Egyptian priest Arbaces schemes against them both; and the blind flower girl Nydia loves Glaucus in silence. Over every feast, plot, and trial hangs Vesuvius, smoking, until the last pages bring the eruption of 79 AD.
This text opens without preface or ceremony: Book the First, Chapter One, The Two Gentlemen of Pompeii, and two voices gossiping in the street. Clodius and Diomed trade news of suppers, wine cellars, and fortunes, and within a page the young Greek Glaucus rolls into view in a chariot of fastidious and graceful fashion, drawn by Parthian horses, his tunic glowing in Tyrian dye.
That opening is the method of the whole novel: the city first, in its baths, streets, temples, and suppers, and the private loves and hatreds threaded through the public life. Bulwer-Lytton builds Pompeii from the excavations of his day, street by street and custom by custom, so that when Book Five brings the eruption, the reader loses a place they have lived in, not a stage set.
Published in 1834, it became one of the century's most read historical novels. Its Pompeii, researched, romantic, and doomed, is still the one the imagination visits first.
Edition: Text: Project Gutenberg ebook 1565.
The first chapter
THE TWO GENTLEMEN OF POMPEII.
'HO, Diomed, well met! Do you sup with Glaucus to-night?' said a young man of small stature, who wore his tunic in those loose and effeminate folds which proved him to be a gentleman and a coxcomb.
'Alas, no! dear Clodius; he has not invited me,' replied Diomed, a man of portly frame and of middle age. 'By Pollux, a scurvy trick! for they say his suppers are the best in Pompeii'.
'Pretty well--though there is never enough of wine for me. It is not the old Greek blood that flows in his veins, for he pretends that wine makes him dull the next morning.'
'There may be another reason for that thrift,' said Diomed, raising his brows. 'With all his conceit and extravagance he is not so rich, I fancy, as he affects to be, and perhaps loves to save his amphorae better than his wit.'
'An additional reason for supping with him while the sesterces last. Next year, Diomed, we must find another Glaucus.'
'He is fond of the dice, too, I hear.'
'He is fond of every pleasure; and while he likes the pleasure of giving suppers, we are all fond of him.'
'Ha, ha, Clodius, that is well said! Have you ever seen my wine-cellars, by-the-by?'
'I think not, my good Diomed.'
'Well, you must sup with me some evening; I have tolerable muraenae in my reservoir, and I ask Pansa the aedile to meet you.'
'O, no state with me!--Persicos odi apparatus, I am easily contented. Well, the day wanes; I am for the baths--and you...'
'To the quaestor--business of state--afterwards to the temple of Isis. Vale!'
'An ostentatious, bustling, ill-bred fellow,' muttered Clodius to himself, as he sauntered slowly away. 'He thinks with his feasts and his wine-cellars to make us forget that he is the son of a freedman--and so we will, when we do him the honour of winning his money; these rich plebeians are a harvest for us spendthrift nobles.'
Thus soliloquising, Clodius arrived in the Via Domitiana, which was crowded with passengers and chariots, and exhibited all that gay and animated exuberance of life and motion which we find at this day in the streets of Naples.
The bells of the cars as they rapidly glided by each other jingled merrily on the ear, and Clodius with smiles or nods claimed familiar acquaintance with whatever equipage was most elegant or fantastic: in fact, no idler was better known in Pompeii.
'What, Clodius! and how have you slept on your good fortune?' cried, in a pleasant and musical voice, a young man, in a chariot of the most fastidious and graceful fashion. Upon its surface of bronze were elaborately wrought, in the still exquisite workmanship of Greece, reliefs of the Olympian games; the two horses that drew the car were of the rarest breed of Parthia; their slender limbs seemed to disdain the ground and court the air, and yet at the slightest touch of the charioteer, who stood behind the young owner of the equipage, they paused motionless, as if suddenly transformed into stone--lifeless, but lifelike, as one of the breathing wonders of Praxiteles. The owner himself was of that slender and beautiful symmetry from which the sculptors of Athens drew their models; his Grecian origin betrayed itself in his light but clustering locks, and the perfect harmony of his features. He wore no toga, which in the time of the emperors had indeed ceased to be the general distinction of the Romans, and was especially ridiculed by the pretenders to fashion; but his tunic glowed in the richest hues of the Tyrian dye, and the fibulae, or buckles, by which it was fastened, sparkled with emeralds: around his neck was a chain of gold, which in the middle of his breast twisted itself into the form of a serpent's head, from the mouth of which hung pendent a large signet ring of elaborate and most exquisite workmanship; the sleeves of the tunic were loose, and fringed at the hand with gold: and across the waist a girdle wrought in arabesque designs, and of the same material as the fringe, served in lieu of pockets for the receptacle of the handkerchief and the purse, the stilus and the tablets.
'My dear Glaucus!' said Clodius, 'I rejoice to see that your losses have so little affected your mien. Why, you seem as if you had been inspired by Apollo, and your face shines with happiness like a glory; any one might take you for the winner, and me for the loser.'
'And what is there in the loss or gain of those dull pieces of metal that should change our spirit, my Clodius? By Venus, while yet young, we can cover our full locks with chaplets--while yet the cithara sounds on unsated ears--while yet the smile of Lydia or of Chloe flashes over our veins in which the blood runs so swiftly, so long shall we find delight in the sunny air, and make bald time itself but the treasurer of our joys. You sup with me to-night, you know.'
'Who ever forgets the invitation of Glaucus!'
'But which way go you now?'
'Why, I thought of visiting the baths: but it wants yet an hour to the usual time.'
'Well, I will dismiss my chariot, and go with you. So, so, my Phylias,' stroking the horse nearest to him, which by a low neigh and with backward ears playfully acknowledged the courtesy: 'a holiday for you to-day. Is he not handsome, Clodius?'
'Worthy of Phoebus,' returned the noble parasite--'or of Glaucus.'
Source: Project Gutenberg. Published 1834. Author died 1873. Public domain worldwide. Share this book: WhatsApp